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| so I have this {{em|German}} book on {{em|English}} grammar which is probably among the best things to flip through if you're new at a language besides books intended for children. and I think I'm just going to make a scrap about German sentences now because honestly who cares
| | #redirect[[Ontology_talk:9k/RD/Q697]] |
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| * {{i|lang=de|Das "will" ("shall") Futur wird gebraucht, wenn zukünftige Handlungen oder Ereignisse bezeichnetwerden sollen}} (page 217)
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| ** this is a sentence explaining when to use "will" and "shall"
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| ** there is a comma in between two clauses that seem like incomplete thoughts. you wouldn't really do that, in English. (see?)
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| ** {{i|lang=de|wenn {{b|zukünftige Handlungen oder Ereignisse}} bezeichnetwerden sollen}} — this is a compound clause. "zukünftige Handlungen oder Ereignisse" is the same as either "zukünftige Handlungen" or "zukünftige Ereignisse"
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| ** {{i|lang=de|Handlungen}} and {{i|lang=de|Ereignisse}} are in the nominative or accusative case. [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Ereignis#German] [https://deutale.com/blog/grammar/dative-article-changes-dem-einer-der-einer-dem-einem/] [https://howtostudygerman.com/blog/german-accusative-case] {{i|Handlungen}} is usually the same in all cases
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| * zu has a role in infinitives somewhat similar to "to". [https://deutsch.lingolia.com/en/grammar/verbs/infinitive]
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| * the accusative case is used for direct objects
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| ** {{i|lang=de|Schaufel}} is the same in all cases [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Schaufel] but it is a feminine noun for what that counts for
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| ** it's {{i|lang=de|die Schaufel}} in accusative and {{i|lang=de|der Schaufel}} in dative
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| ** cases are really interesting. basically you can take a statement like "gave {{b|a}} kid {{b|an}} apple" and sometimes put clearer details on the same words instead of changing the words.
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| * doing something hypothetically is the subjunctive mood
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| ** {{i|lang=de|die Schaufel}}, {{i|lang=de|hebest auf}}, {{i|lang=de|aufhebest}}
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| ** is {{i|lang=de|aufhebest}} a word? it seems like for different reasons you can say either {{i|lang=de|aufhebest}} or {{i|lang=de|hebest auf}}
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| ** wiktionary says they are both real phrases but {{i|lang=de|aufhebest}} is a dependent clause. [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/aufhebest] I.... don't understand the difference
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| ** {{i|lang=de|(wenn? du) aufhebest die Schaufel}}
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| * is it the accusative or the dative when you do verbs directly on two things??
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| ** image or picture: das Bild / das Bild / dem Bild [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Bild#German]
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| ** in the future, {{i|lang=de|du würdest aufheben}} (you would?)
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| ** {{i|lang=de|Wenn du aufhebest die Schaufel, du aufheben dem Schaufeltraum}} or {{i|lang=de|Wenn du aufhebest die Schaufel, du aufheben den Schaufeltraum}}?
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| * the action goes.... at the end? or in the middle?
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| * what gender are compound nouns??? I somehow never ever thought to ask that
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| ** they're the gender of the last noun. [https://www.usinggrammar.com/german-grammar/gender-compound-nouns.php] so {{i|lang=de|Schaufeltraum}} is masculine. that is a fact that even without truly knowing German I can somehow know about a new word I made up.
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| * there are a few ways to refer to a physical thing: Ding, Gegenstand, Objekt, Sache
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| ** {{i|lang=de|Sache}} loosely refers to a conflict. it can be a physical belonging, a legal case like a lawsuit, or a political issue. you have a very interesting development of this word from physical things people argue over up through lawsuits over property up through national laws and political movements. oh, and you have a similar development up to the English word "sake" — first it was for the nobility's sake, then it was for England or France or Germany's sake, then it was for a political party's sake, or if you're lucky, for the proletariat's sake. [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Sache#German] this is a bad choice for referring to static physical things. it's a terribly fascinating word though, you have like the entire history of human politics and economics concealed behind a single word.
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| ** {{i|lang=de|Objekt}} is a Latin word, almost exactly equivalent to "object". [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/obiectum#Latin] once again you see it getting used in property law just because it can be. I am not sure that actually says anything about its meaning.
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| ** {{i|lang=de|Gegenstand}} is a more localized version of the Latin construction of 'object'.
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| ** {{i|lang=de|Ding}}... is probably totally fine alone but feels as if it would be silly in a compound word. so maybe {{i|lang=de|Objekt}} is exactly it
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| * {{i|lang=de|Wenn du aufhebest das Schaufelobjekt, du aufheben dem Schaufeltraum}} / {{i|lang=de|Aufhebest das Schaufelobjekt, und du aufheben dem Schaufeltraum}}
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| * {{i|lang=de|Aufhebest die Schaufel, dem Bild aufheben}}
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